NUBLACK is an ambitious project aiming to identify multi-messenger signatures left by the interactions of ultra-high-energy cosmic-rays accelerated in the jets of active black holes. The project will exploit the potential of the new open-source code AM3 to perform cutting-edge numerical simulations of black hole jets.

The project will result in key predictions for future multi-messenger facilities such as CTAO and IceCube-Gen2, shedding light on the long-debated origin of the ultra-high-energy cosmic rays.

NUBLACK is supported by the investment program France 2030 launched by the French Government and implemented by the University Paris Cité as part of its program ‘Initiative d’excellence’ IdEx (ANR-18-IDEX-0001), which also funded the HERMES: multi-messengers of the Earth and the Universe project.

Publications

• Neutrinos from extreme astrophysical sources X. Rodrigues (2026) New Astronomy Reviews 102, 101747

• Self-consistent modeling of energy-dependent synchrotron polarization in blazars with application to Mrk 421. F. Apel, M. Tisang, V. B. Martins, X. Rodrigues, M. Böttcher, and A. Franckowiak (2026, submitted to A\&A) arxiv:2609.26574

• An Evolving Leptonic Jet Model for Delayed Radio Flares in Neutrino Blazars. A. Kochocki, X. Rodrigues, and N. Whitehorn (2026, submitted to PRD) arxiv:2608.12696